module angel.utils.cryptography.fieldelem; import angel.utils.cryptography.bitmanip; import angel.utils.cryptography.utils; @safe nothrow @nogc: /// fe means field element. /// Here the field is \Z/(2^255-19). /// An element t, entries t[0]...t[9], represents the integer /// t[0]+2^26 t[1]+2^51 t[2]+2^77 t[3]+2^102 t[4]+...+2^230 t[9]. /// Bounds on each t[i] vary depending on context. @safe struct fe { enum fe zero = 0; enum fe one = [1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]; private uint[10] value; private alias value this; // this(in ref uint[10] v) { // value = v; // } nothrow @nogc: /// Create fe from 32 bytes. static fe fromBytes(in ubyte[] bytes) in { assert(bytes.length == 32, "bytes.length must be 32."); } body { return fe_frombytes(bytes); } this(in uint[] v) in { assert(v.length == 10, "v.length must be 10."); } body { value = v; } // TODO remove this(in uint v) { value[] = v; } fe opAssign(in ref uint[10] v) { value = v; return this; } /// Comparing in constant time. bool opEquals()(auto ref const fe rhs) const { return crypto_equals(this.value, rhs.value); } fe opBinary(string op)(auto ref const fe rhs) const pure if (op == "+" || op == "-" || op == "*") { static if(op == "+") { fe tmp; tmp.value[] = this.value[] + rhs.value[]; return tmp; } else static if(op == "-") { fe tmp; tmp.value[] = this.value[] - rhs.value[]; return tmp; } else static if(op == "*") { return fe_mul(this, rhs); } } fe opUnary(string op)() const if(op == "-") { static if(op == "-") { fe tmp; tmp.value[] = -this.value[]; return tmp; } } ref fe opOpAssign(string op)(auto ref const fe rhs) pure if (op == "+" || op == "-" || op == "*") { static if(op == "+") { value[] += rhs.value[]; } else static if(op == "-") { value[] -= rhs.value[]; } else static if(op == "*") { this = this * rhs; } return this; } /* return 1 if f == 0 return 0 if f != 0 Preconditions: |f| bounded by 1.1*2^26,1.1*2^25,1.1*2^26,1.1*2^25,etc. */ @property bool isNonzero() const { immutable ubyte[32] zero = 0; return !crypto_equals(fe_tobytes(this), zero); } /** return 1 if f is in {1,3,5,...,q-2} return 0 if f is in {0,2,4,...,q-1} Preconditions: |f| bounded by 1.1*2^26,1.1*2^25,1.1*2^26,1.1*2^25,etc. */ @property bool isNegative() const { return (toBytes[0] & 1) == 1; } @property fe inverse() const { return fe_invert(this); } /// Changes the sign. void negate() { value[] = -value[]; } @property ubyte[32] toBytes() const { return fe_tobytes(this); } /// Params: /// repeat = Repeat squaring n times. /// Returns: f^2 or f^(2^repeat). @property fe sq(uint repeat = 1)() const pure if(repeat > 0) { fe f = fe_sq(this); static if(repeat > 1) { foreach(i; 1..repeat) { f = f.sq!1; } } return f; } /// Returns: 2*f*f @property fe sq2() const pure { return fe_sq2(this); } /// Power by squaring in constant time. /// Returns f^power @property fe cpow(uint power)() const { fe r = fe.one; fe sq = this; for(uint p = power; p > 0; p >>= 1) { if((p & 1) == 1) { r *= sq; } sq = sq.sq; } return r; } } ///// h = f + g ///// Can overlap h with f or g. ///// ///// Preconditions: ///// |f| bounded by 1.1*2^25,1.1*2^24,1.1*2^25,1.1*2^24,etc. ///// |g| bounded by 1.1*2^25,1.1*2^24,1.1*2^25,1.1*2^24,etc. ///// ///// Postconditions: ///// |h| bounded by 1.1*2^26,1.1*2^25,1.1*2^26,1.1*2^25,etc. //void fe_add(ref fe h, in ref fe f, in ref fe g) //{ // //h[] = f[] + g[]; // foreach(i; 0..10) { // h[i] = f[i] + g[i]; // } //} /// Conditional move. /// Replace (f,g) with (g,g) if b == 1; /// replace (f,g) with (f,g) if b == 0. /// /// Params: /// dest = Destination. /// src = Source. /// condition = Condition. void fe_cmov(ref fe dest, in ref fe src, in bool condition) in { assert(condition == 0 || condition == 1); } out { if(condition == 1) { assert(dest == src); } } body { immutable uint mask = -(cast(int)condition); assert((condition == 0 && mask == 0) || (condition == 1 && mask == 0xFFFFFFFF)); dest[] ^= mask & dest[]; dest[] ^= mask & src[]; } // test conditional move unittest { import std.algorithm: all; fe a, b; a[] = 13; b[] = 42; assert(all!"a == 13"(a[])); assert(all!"a == 42"(b[])); fe_cmov(a, b, 0); assert(all!"a == 13"(a[])); assert(all!"a == 42"(b[])); fe_cmov(a, b, 1); assert(all!"a == 42"(a[])); } ulong load_3(in ubyte[] inp) pure in { assert(inp.length == 3); } body { ulong result; result = cast(ulong) inp[0]; result |= (cast(ulong) inp[1]) << 8; result |= (cast(ulong) inp[2]) << 16; return result; } ulong load_4(in ubyte[] inp) pure in { assert(inp.length == 4); } body { ulong result; result = cast(ulong) inp[0]; result |= (cast(ulong) inp[1]) << 8; result |= (cast(ulong) inp[2]) << 16; result |= (cast(ulong) inp[3]) << 24; return result; } /* Ignores top bit of h. */ private fe fe_frombytes(in ubyte[] s) pure in { assert(s.length == 32); } body { long h0 = load_4(s[0..4]); long h1 = load_3(s[4..7]) << 6; long h2 = load_3(s[7..10]) << 5; long h3 = load_3(s[10..13]) << 3; long h4 = load_3(s[13..16]) << 2; long h5 = load_4(s[16..20]); long h6 = load_3(s[20..23]) << 7; long h7 = load_3(s[23..26]) << 5; long h8 = load_3(s[26..29]) << 4; long h9 = (load_3(s[29..32]) & 8388607) << 2; long carry0; long carry1; long carry2; long carry3; long carry4; long carry5; long carry6; long carry7; long carry8; long carry9; carry9 = (h9 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h0 += carry9 * 19; h9 -= SHL64(carry9,25); carry1 = (h1 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h2 += carry1; h1 -= SHL64(carry1,25); carry3 = (h3 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h4 += carry3; h3 -= SHL64(carry3,25); carry5 = (h5 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h6 += carry5; h5 -= SHL64(carry5,25); carry7 = (h7 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h8 += carry7; h7 -= SHL64(carry7,25); carry0 = (h0 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h1 += carry0; h0 -= SHL64(carry0,26); carry2 = (h2 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h3 += carry2; h2 -= SHL64(carry2,26); carry4 = (h4 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h5 += carry4; h4 -= SHL64(carry4,26); carry6 = (h6 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h7 += carry6; h6 -= SHL64(carry6,26); carry8 = (h8 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h9 += carry8; h8 -= SHL64(carry8,26); fe h; h[0] = cast(int) h0; h[1] = cast(int) h1; h[2] = cast(int) h2; h[3] = cast(int) h3; h[4] = cast(int) h4; h[5] = cast(int) h5; h[6] = cast(int) h6; h[7] = cast(int) h7; h[8] = cast(int) h8; h[9] = cast(int) h9; return h; } // TODO replace all SHL* with << long SHL64(in long val, in uint shift) pure nothrow @nogc { return cast(long)(cast(ulong) val << shift); } int SHL32(in int val, in uint shift) pure nothrow @nogc { return cast(int)(cast(uint) val << shift); } int SHL8(in byte val, in uint shift) pure nothrow @nogc { return cast(byte)(cast(ubyte) val << shift); } unittest { assert(cast(int)(0xFFFFFFFF) << 7 == SHL32(0xFFFFFFFF, 7)); } private fe fe_invert(in ref fe z) { fe t0; fe t1; fe t2; fe t3; // pow225521 t0 = z.sq; t1 = t0.sq.sq; t1 *= z; t0 *= t1; t2 = t0.sq; t1 *= t2; t2 = t1.sq!5; t1 *= t2; t2 = t1.sq!10; t2 *= t1; t3 = t2.sq!20; t2 *= t3; t2 = t2.sq!10; t1 *= t2; t2 = t1.sq!50; t2 *= t1; t3 = t2.sq!100; t2 *= t3; t2 = t2.sq!50; t1 *= t2; t1 = t1.sq!5; return t1 * t0; } /** Returns: h = f * g Can overlap h with f or g. Preconditions: |f| bounded by 1.65*2^26,1.65*2^25,1.65*2^26,1.65*2^25,etc. |g| bounded by 1.65*2^26,1.65*2^25,1.65*2^26,1.65*2^25,etc. Postconditions: |h| bounded by 1.01*2^25,1.01*2^24,1.01*2^25,1.01*2^24,etc. Note: Notes on implementation strategy: Using schoolbook multiplication. Karatsuba would save a little in some cost models. Most multiplications by 2 and 19 are 32-bit precomputations; cheaper than 64-bit postcomputations. There is one remaining multiplication by 19 in the carry chain; one *19 precomputation can be merged into this, but the resulting data flow is considerably less clean. There are 12 carries below. 10 of them are 2-way parallelizable and vectorizable. Can get away with 11 carries, but then data flow is much deeper. With tighter constraints on inputs can squeeze carries into int32. */ private fe fe_mul(in ref fe f, in ref fe g) pure { int f0 = f[0]; int f1 = f[1]; int f2 = f[2]; int f3 = f[3]; int f4 = f[4]; int f5 = f[5]; int f6 = f[6]; int f7 = f[7]; int f8 = f[8]; int f9 = f[9]; int g0 = g[0]; int g1 = g[1]; int g2 = g[2]; int g3 = g[3]; int g4 = g[4]; int g5 = g[5]; int g6 = g[6]; int g7 = g[7]; int g8 = g[8]; int g9 = g[9]; int g1_19 = 19 * g1; /* 1.959375*2^29 */ int g2_19 = 19 * g2; /* 1.959375*2^30; still ok */ int g3_19 = 19 * g3; int g4_19 = 19 * g4; int g5_19 = 19 * g5; int g6_19 = 19 * g6; int g7_19 = 19 * g7; int g8_19 = 19 * g8; int g9_19 = 19 * g9; int f1_2 = 2 * f1; int f3_2 = 2 * f3; int f5_2 = 2 * f5; int f7_2 = 2 * f7; int f9_2 = 2 * f9; long f0g0 = f0 * cast(long) g0; long f0g1 = f0 * cast(long) g1; long f0g2 = f0 * cast(long) g2; long f0g3 = f0 * cast(long) g3; long f0g4 = f0 * cast(long) g4; long f0g5 = f0 * cast(long) g5; long f0g6 = f0 * cast(long) g6; long f0g7 = f0 * cast(long) g7; long f0g8 = f0 * cast(long) g8; long f0g9 = f0 * cast(long) g9; long f1g0 = f1 * cast(long) g0; long f1g1_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) g1; long f1g2 = f1 * cast(long) g2; long f1g3_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) g3; long f1g4 = f1 * cast(long) g4; long f1g5_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) g5; long f1g6 = f1 * cast(long) g6; long f1g7_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) g7; long f1g8 = f1 * cast(long) g8; long f1g9_38 = f1_2 * cast(long) g9_19; long f2g0 = f2 * cast(long) g0; long f2g1 = f2 * cast(long) g1; long f2g2 = f2 * cast(long) g2; long f2g3 = f2 * cast(long) g3; long f2g4 = f2 * cast(long) g4; long f2g5 = f2 * cast(long) g5; long f2g6 = f2 * cast(long) g6; long f2g7 = f2 * cast(long) g7; long f2g8_19 = f2 * cast(long) g8_19; long f2g9_19 = f2 * cast(long) g9_19; long f3g0 = f3 * cast(long) g0; long f3g1_2 = f3_2 * cast(long) g1; long f3g2 = f3 * cast(long) g2; long f3g3_2 = f3_2 * cast(long) g3; long f3g4 = f3 * cast(long) g4; long f3g5_2 = f3_2 * cast(long) g5; long f3g6 = f3 * cast(long) g6; long f3g7_38 = f3_2 * cast(long) g7_19; long f3g8_19 = f3 * cast(long) g8_19; long f3g9_38 = f3_2 * cast(long) g9_19; long f4g0 = f4 * cast(long) g0; long f4g1 = f4 * cast(long) g1; long f4g2 = f4 * cast(long) g2; long f4g3 = f4 * cast(long) g3; long f4g4 = f4 * cast(long) g4; long f4g5 = f4 * cast(long) g5; long f4g6_19 = f4 * cast(long) g6_19; long f4g7_19 = f4 * cast(long) g7_19; long f4g8_19 = f4 * cast(long) g8_19; long f4g9_19 = f4 * cast(long) g9_19; long f5g0 = f5 * cast(long) g0; long f5g1_2 = f5_2 * cast(long) g1; long f5g2 = f5 * cast(long) g2; long f5g3_2 = f5_2 * cast(long) g3; long f5g4 = f5 * cast(long) g4; long f5g5_38 = f5_2 * cast(long) g5_19; long f5g6_19 = f5 * cast(long) g6_19; long f5g7_38 = f5_2 * cast(long) g7_19; long f5g8_19 = f5 * cast(long) g8_19; long f5g9_38 = f5_2 * cast(long) g9_19; long f6g0 = f6 * cast(long) g0; long f6g1 = f6 * cast(long) g1; long f6g2 = f6 * cast(long) g2; long f6g3 = f6 * cast(long) g3; long f6g4_19 = f6 * cast(long) g4_19; long f6g5_19 = f6 * cast(long) g5_19; long f6g6_19 = f6 * cast(long) g6_19; long f6g7_19 = f6 * cast(long) g7_19; long f6g8_19 = f6 * cast(long) g8_19; long f6g9_19 = f6 * cast(long) g9_19; long f7g0 = f7 * cast(long) g0; long f7g1_2 = f7_2 * cast(long) g1; long f7g2 = f7 * cast(long) g2; long f7g3_38 = f7_2 * cast(long) g3_19; long f7g4_19 = f7 * cast(long) g4_19; long f7g5_38 = f7_2 * cast(long) g5_19; long f7g6_19 = f7 * cast(long) g6_19; long f7g7_38 = f7_2 * cast(long) g7_19; long f7g8_19 = f7 * cast(long) g8_19; long f7g9_38 = f7_2 * cast(long) g9_19; long f8g0 = f8 * cast(long) g0; long f8g1 = f8 * cast(long) g1; long f8g2_19 = f8 * cast(long) g2_19; long f8g3_19 = f8 * cast(long) g3_19; long f8g4_19 = f8 * cast(long) g4_19; long f8g5_19 = f8 * cast(long) g5_19; long f8g6_19 = f8 * cast(long) g6_19; long f8g7_19 = f8 * cast(long) g7_19; long f8g8_19 = f8 * cast(long) g8_19; long f8g9_19 = f8 * cast(long) g9_19; long f9g0 = f9 * cast(long) g0; long f9g1_38 = f9_2 * cast(long) g1_19; long f9g2_19 = f9 * cast(long) g2_19; long f9g3_38 = f9_2 * cast(long) g3_19; long f9g4_19 = f9 * cast(long) g4_19; long f9g5_38 = f9_2 * cast(long) g5_19; long f9g6_19 = f9 * cast(long) g6_19; long f9g7_38 = f9_2 * cast(long) g7_19; long f9g8_19 = f9 * cast(long) g8_19; long f9g9_38 = f9_2 * cast(long) g9_19; long h0 = f0g0+f1g9_38+f2g8_19+f3g7_38+f4g6_19+f5g5_38+f6g4_19+f7g3_38+f8g2_19+f9g1_38; long h1 = f0g1+f1g0 +f2g9_19+f3g8_19+f4g7_19+f5g6_19+f6g5_19+f7g4_19+f8g3_19+f9g2_19; long h2 = f0g2+f1g1_2 +f2g0 +f3g9_38+f4g8_19+f5g7_38+f6g6_19+f7g5_38+f8g4_19+f9g3_38; long h3 = f0g3+f1g2 +f2g1 +f3g0 +f4g9_19+f5g8_19+f6g7_19+f7g6_19+f8g5_19+f9g4_19; long h4 = f0g4+f1g3_2 +f2g2 +f3g1_2 +f4g0 +f5g9_38+f6g8_19+f7g7_38+f8g6_19+f9g5_38; long h5 = f0g5+f1g4 +f2g3 +f3g2 +f4g1 +f5g0 +f6g9_19+f7g8_19+f8g7_19+f9g6_19; long h6 = f0g6+f1g5_2 +f2g4 +f3g3_2 +f4g2 +f5g1_2 +f6g0 +f7g9_38+f8g8_19+f9g7_38; long h7 = f0g7+f1g6 +f2g5 +f3g4 +f4g3 +f5g2 +f6g1 +f7g0 +f8g9_19+f9g8_19; long h8 = f0g8+f1g7_2 +f2g6 +f3g5_2 +f4g4 +f5g3_2 +f6g2 +f7g1_2 +f8g0 +f9g9_38; long h9 = f0g9+f1g8 +f2g7 +f3g6 +f4g5 +f5g4 +f6g3 +f7g2 +f8g1 +f9g0 ; long carry0; long carry1; long carry2; long carry3; long carry4; long carry5; long carry6; long carry7; long carry8; long carry9; /* |h0| <= (1.65*1.65*2^52*(1+19+19+19+19)+1.65*1.65*2^50*(38+38+38+38+38)) i.e. |h0| <= 1.4*2^60; narrower ranges for h2, h4, h6, h8 |h1| <= (1.65*1.65*2^51*(1+1+19+19+19+19+19+19+19+19)) i.e. |h1| <= 1.7*2^59; narrower ranges for h3, h5, h7, h9 */ carry0 = (h0 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h1 += carry0; h0 -= SHL64(carry0,26); carry4 = (h4 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h5 += carry4; h4 -= SHL64(carry4,26); /* |h0| <= 2^25 */ /* |h4| <= 2^25 */ /* |h1| <= 1.71*2^59 */ /* |h5| <= 1.71*2^59 */ carry1 = (h1 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h2 += carry1; h1 -= SHL64(carry1,25); carry5 = (h5 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h6 += carry5; h5 -= SHL64(carry5,25); /* |h1| <= 2^24; from now on fits into int32 */ /* |h5| <= 2^24; from now on fits into int32 */ /* |h2| <= 1.41*2^60 */ /* |h6| <= 1.41*2^60 */ carry2 = (h2 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h3 += carry2; h2 -= SHL64(carry2,26); carry6 = (h6 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h7 += carry6; h6 -= SHL64(carry6,26); /* |h2| <= 2^25; from now on fits into int32 unchanged */ /* |h6| <= 2^25; from now on fits into int32 unchanged */ /* |h3| <= 1.71*2^59 */ /* |h7| <= 1.71*2^59 */ carry3 = (h3 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h4 += carry3; h3 -= SHL64(carry3,25); carry7 = (h7 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h8 += carry7; h7 -= SHL64(carry7,25); /* |h3| <= 2^24; from now on fits into int32 unchanged */ /* |h7| <= 2^24; from now on fits into int32 unchanged */ /* |h4| <= 1.72*2^34 */ /* |h8| <= 1.41*2^60 */ carry4 = (h4 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h5 += carry4; h4 -= SHL64(carry4,26); carry8 = (h8 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h9 += carry8; h8 -= SHL64(carry8,26); /* |h4| <= 2^25; from now on fits into int32 unchanged */ /* |h8| <= 2^25; from now on fits into int32 unchanged */ /* |h5| <= 1.01*2^24 */ /* |h9| <= 1.71*2^59 */ carry9 = (h9 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h0 += carry9 * 19; h9 -= SHL64(carry9,25); /* |h9| <= 2^24; from now on fits into int32 unchanged */ /* |h0| <= 1.1*2^39 */ carry0 = (h0 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h1 += carry0; h0 -= SHL64(carry0,26); /* |h0| <= 2^25; from now on fits into int32 unchanged */ /* |h1| <= 1.01*2^24 */ fe h; h[0] = cast(int) h0; h[1] = cast(int) h1; h[2] = cast(int) h2; h[3] = cast(int) h3; h[4] = cast(int) h4; h[5] = cast(int) h5; h[6] = cast(int) h6; h[7] = cast(int) h7; h[8] = cast(int) h8; h[9] = cast(int) h9; return h; } /// Returns f * 121666 /// /// Preconditions: /// |f| bounded by 1.1*2^26,1.1*2^25,1.1*2^26,1.1*2^25,etc. /// /// Postconditions: /// |h| bounded by 1.1*2^25,1.1*2^24,1.1*2^25,1.1*2^24,etc. public fe fe_mul121666(in ref fe f) pure { int f0 = f[0]; int f1 = f[1]; int f2 = f[2]; int f3 = f[3]; int f4 = f[4]; int f5 = f[5]; int f6 = f[6]; int f7 = f[7]; int f8 = f[8]; int f9 = f[9]; long h0 = f0 * cast(long) 121666; long h1 = f1 * cast(long) 121666; long h2 = f2 * cast(long) 121666; long h3 = f3 * cast(long) 121666; long h4 = f4 * cast(long) 121666; long h5 = f5 * cast(long) 121666; long h6 = f6 * cast(long) 121666; long h7 = f7 * cast(long) 121666; long h8 = f8 * cast(long) 121666; long h9 = f9 * cast(long) 121666; long carry0; long carry1; long carry2; long carry3; long carry4; long carry5; long carry6; long carry7; long carry8; long carry9; carry9 = (h9 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h0 += carry9 * 19; h9 -= carry9 << 25; carry1 = (h1 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h2 += carry1; h1 -= carry1 << 25; carry3 = (h3 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h4 += carry3; h3 -= carry3 << 25; carry5 = (h5 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h6 += carry5; h5 -= carry5 << 25; carry7 = (h7 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h8 += carry7; h7 -= carry7 << 25; carry0 = (h0 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h1 += carry0; h0 -= carry0 << 26; carry2 = (h2 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h3 += carry2; h2 -= carry2 << 26; carry4 = (h4 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h5 += carry4; h4 -= carry4 << 26; carry6 = (h6 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h7 += carry6; h6 -= carry6 << 26; carry8 = (h8 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h9 += carry8; h8 -= carry8 << 26; fe h; h[0] = cast(uint) h0; h[1] = cast(uint) h1; h[2] = cast(uint) h2; h[3] = cast(uint) h3; h[4] = cast(uint) h4; h[5] = cast(uint) h5; h[6] = cast(uint) h6; h[7] = cast(uint) h7; h[8] = cast(uint) h8; h[9] = cast(uint) h9; return h; } /// Returns: z^(2^(225-23)) package fe fe_pow22523(in ref fe z) pure { fe t0; fe t1; fe t2; t0 = z.sq; t1 = t0.sq.sq; t1 *= z; t0 *= t1; t0 = t0.sq; t0 *= t1; // t1 = z.cpow!9; // t0 = z.cpow!31; t1 = t0.sq!5; t0 *= t1; t1 = t0.sq!10; t1 *= t0; t2 = t1.sq!20; t1 *= t2; t1 = t1.sq!10; t0 *= t1; t1 = t0.sq!50; t1 *= t0; t2 = t1.sq!100; t1 *= t2; t1 = t1.sq!50; t0 *= t1; t0 = t0.sq.sq; return t0 * z; } /** Returns: h = f * f Can overlap h with f. Preconditions: |f| bounded by 1.65*2^26,1.65*2^25,1.65*2^26,1.65*2^25,etc. Postconditions: |h| bounded by 1.01*2^25,1.01*2^24,1.01*2^25,1.01*2^24,etc. Note: See fe_mul.c for discussion of implementation strategy. */ private fe fe_sq(in ref fe f) pure { int f0 = f[0]; int f1 = f[1]; int f2 = f[2]; int f3 = f[3]; int f4 = f[4]; int f5 = f[5]; int f6 = f[6]; int f7 = f[7]; int f8 = f[8]; int f9 = f[9]; int f0_2 = 2 * f0; int f1_2 = 2 * f1; int f2_2 = 2 * f2; int f3_2 = 2 * f3; int f4_2 = 2 * f4; int f5_2 = 2 * f5; int f6_2 = 2 * f6; int f7_2 = 2 * f7; int f5_38 = 38 * f5; /* 1.959375*2^30 */ int f6_19 = 19 * f6; /* 1.959375*2^30 */ int f7_38 = 38 * f7; /* 1.959375*2^30 */ int f8_19 = 19 * f8; /* 1.959375*2^30 */ int f9_38 = 38 * f9; /* 1.959375*2^30 */ long f0f0 = f0 * cast(long) f0; long f0f1_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f1; long f0f2_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f2; long f0f3_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f3; long f0f4_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f4; long f0f5_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f5; long f0f6_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f6; long f0f7_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f7; long f0f8_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f8; long f0f9_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f9; long f1f1_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) f1; long f1f2_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) f2; long f1f3_4 = f1_2 * cast(long) f3_2; long f1f4_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) f4; long f1f5_4 = f1_2 * cast(long) f5_2; long f1f6_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) f6; long f1f7_4 = f1_2 * cast(long) f7_2; long f1f8_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) f8; long f1f9_76 = f1_2 * cast(long) f9_38; long f2f2 = f2 * cast(long) f2; long f2f3_2 = f2_2 * cast(long) f3; long f2f4_2 = f2_2 * cast(long) f4; long f2f5_2 = f2_2 * cast(long) f5; long f2f6_2 = f2_2 * cast(long) f6; long f2f7_2 = f2_2 * cast(long) f7; long f2f8_38 = f2_2 * cast(long) f8_19; long f2f9_38 = f2 * cast(long) f9_38; long f3f3_2 = f3_2 * cast(long) f3; long f3f4_2 = f3_2 * cast(long) f4; long f3f5_4 = f3_2 * cast(long) f5_2; long f3f6_2 = f3_2 * cast(long) f6; long f3f7_76 = f3_2 * cast(long) f7_38; long f3f8_38 = f3_2 * cast(long) f8_19; long f3f9_76 = f3_2 * cast(long) f9_38; long f4f4 = f4 * cast(long) f4; long f4f5_2 = f4_2 * cast(long) f5; long f4f6_38 = f4_2 * cast(long) f6_19; long f4f7_38 = f4 * cast(long) f7_38; long f4f8_38 = f4_2 * cast(long) f8_19; long f4f9_38 = f4 * cast(long) f9_38; long f5f5_38 = f5 * cast(long) f5_38; long f5f6_38 = f5_2 * cast(long) f6_19; long f5f7_76 = f5_2 * cast(long) f7_38; long f5f8_38 = f5_2 * cast(long) f8_19; long f5f9_76 = f5_2 * cast(long) f9_38; long f6f6_19 = f6 * cast(long) f6_19; long f6f7_38 = f6 * cast(long) f7_38; long f6f8_38 = f6_2 * cast(long) f8_19; long f6f9_38 = f6 * cast(long) f9_38; long f7f7_38 = f7 * cast(long) f7_38; long f7f8_38 = f7_2 * cast(long) f8_19; long f7f9_76 = f7_2 * cast(long) f9_38; long f8f8_19 = f8 * cast(long) f8_19; long f8f9_38 = f8 * cast(long) f9_38; long f9f9_38 = f9 * cast(long) f9_38; long h0 = f0f0 +f1f9_76+f2f8_38+f3f7_76+f4f6_38+f5f5_38; long h1 = f0f1_2+f2f9_38+f3f8_38+f4f7_38+f5f6_38; long h2 = f0f2_2+f1f1_2 +f3f9_76+f4f8_38+f5f7_76+f6f6_19; long h3 = f0f3_2+f1f2_2 +f4f9_38+f5f8_38+f6f7_38; long h4 = f0f4_2+f1f3_4 +f2f2 +f5f9_76+f6f8_38+f7f7_38; long h5 = f0f5_2+f1f4_2 +f2f3_2 +f6f9_38+f7f8_38; long h6 = f0f6_2+f1f5_4 +f2f4_2 +f3f3_2 +f7f9_76+f8f8_19; long h7 = f0f7_2+f1f6_2 +f2f5_2 +f3f4_2 +f8f9_38; long h8 = f0f8_2+f1f7_4 +f2f6_2 +f3f5_4 +f4f4 +f9f9_38; long h9 = f0f9_2+f1f8_2 +f2f7_2 +f3f6_2 +f4f5_2; long carry0; long carry1; long carry2; long carry3; long carry4; long carry5; long carry6; long carry7; long carry8; long carry9; carry0 = (h0 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h1 += carry0; h0 -= SHL64(carry0,26); carry4 = (h4 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h5 += carry4; h4 -= SHL64(carry4,26); carry1 = (h1 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h2 += carry1; h1 -= SHL64(carry1,25); carry5 = (h5 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h6 += carry5; h5 -= SHL64(carry5,25); carry2 = (h2 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h3 += carry2; h2 -= SHL64(carry2,26); carry6 = (h6 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h7 += carry6; h6 -= SHL64(carry6,26); carry3 = (h3 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h4 += carry3; h3 -= SHL64(carry3,25); carry7 = (h7 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h8 += carry7; h7 -= SHL64(carry7,25); carry4 = (h4 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h5 += carry4; h4 -= SHL64(carry4,26); carry8 = (h8 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h9 += carry8; h8 -= SHL64(carry8,26); carry9 = (h9 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h0 += carry9 * 19; h9 -= SHL64(carry9,25); carry0 = (h0 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h1 += carry0; h0 -= SHL64(carry0,26); fe h; h[0] = cast(int) h0; h[1] = cast(int) h1; h[2] = cast(int) h2; h[3] = cast(int) h3; h[4] = cast(int) h4; h[5] = cast(int) h5; h[6] = cast(int) h6; h[7] = cast(int) h7; h[8] = cast(int) h8; h[9] = cast(int) h9; return h; } /** Returns: h = 2 * f * f Can overlap h with f. Preconditions: |f| bounded by 1.65*2^26,1.65*2^25,1.65*2^26,1.65*2^25,etc. Postconditions: |h| bounded by 1.01*2^25,1.01*2^24,1.01*2^25,1.01*2^24,etc. Note: See fe_mul.c for discussion of implementation strategy. */ private fe fe_sq2(in ref fe f) pure { int f0 = f[0]; int f1 = f[1]; int f2 = f[2]; int f3 = f[3]; int f4 = f[4]; int f5 = f[5]; int f6 = f[6]; int f7 = f[7]; int f8 = f[8]; int f9 = f[9]; int f0_2 = 2 * f0; int f1_2 = 2 * f1; int f2_2 = 2 * f2; int f3_2 = 2 * f3; int f4_2 = 2 * f4; int f5_2 = 2 * f5; int f6_2 = 2 * f6; int f7_2 = 2 * f7; int f5_38 = 38 * f5; /* 1.959375*2^30 */ int f6_19 = 19 * f6; /* 1.959375*2^30 */ int f7_38 = 38 * f7; /* 1.959375*2^30 */ int f8_19 = 19 * f8; /* 1.959375*2^30 */ int f9_38 = 38 * f9; /* 1.959375*2^30 */ long f0f0 = f0 * cast(long) f0; long f0f1_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f1; long f0f2_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f2; long f0f3_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f3; long f0f4_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f4; long f0f5_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f5; long f0f6_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f6; long f0f7_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f7; long f0f8_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f8; long f0f9_2 = f0_2 * cast(long) f9; long f1f1_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) f1; long f1f2_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) f2; long f1f3_4 = f1_2 * cast(long) f3_2; long f1f4_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) f4; long f1f5_4 = f1_2 * cast(long) f5_2; long f1f6_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) f6; long f1f7_4 = f1_2 * cast(long) f7_2; long f1f8_2 = f1_2 * cast(long) f8; long f1f9_76 = f1_2 * cast(long) f9_38; long f2f2 = f2 * cast(long) f2; long f2f3_2 = f2_2 * cast(long) f3; long f2f4_2 = f2_2 * cast(long) f4; long f2f5_2 = f2_2 * cast(long) f5; long f2f6_2 = f2_2 * cast(long) f6; long f2f7_2 = f2_2 * cast(long) f7; long f2f8_38 = f2_2 * cast(long) f8_19; long f2f9_38 = f2 * cast(long) f9_38; long f3f3_2 = f3_2 * cast(long) f3; long f3f4_2 = f3_2 * cast(long) f4; long f3f5_4 = f3_2 * cast(long) f5_2; long f3f6_2 = f3_2 * cast(long) f6; long f3f7_76 = f3_2 * cast(long) f7_38; long f3f8_38 = f3_2 * cast(long) f8_19; long f3f9_76 = f3_2 * cast(long) f9_38; long f4f4 = f4 * cast(long) f4; long f4f5_2 = f4_2 * cast(long) f5; long f4f6_38 = f4_2 * cast(long) f6_19; long f4f7_38 = f4 * cast(long) f7_38; long f4f8_38 = f4_2 * cast(long) f8_19; long f4f9_38 = f4 * cast(long) f9_38; long f5f5_38 = f5 * cast(long) f5_38; long f5f6_38 = f5_2 * cast(long) f6_19; long f5f7_76 = f5_2 * cast(long) f7_38; long f5f8_38 = f5_2 * cast(long) f8_19; long f5f9_76 = f5_2 * cast(long) f9_38; long f6f6_19 = f6 * cast(long) f6_19; long f6f7_38 = f6 * cast(long) f7_38; long f6f8_38 = f6_2 * cast(long) f8_19; long f6f9_38 = f6 * cast(long) f9_38; long f7f7_38 = f7 * cast(long) f7_38; long f7f8_38 = f7_2 * cast(long) f8_19; long f7f9_76 = f7_2 * cast(long) f9_38; long f8f8_19 = f8 * cast(long) f8_19; long f8f9_38 = f8 * cast(long) f9_38; long f9f9_38 = f9 * cast(long) f9_38; long h0 = f0f0 +f1f9_76+f2f8_38+f3f7_76+f4f6_38+f5f5_38; long h1 = f0f1_2+f2f9_38+f3f8_38+f4f7_38+f5f6_38; long h2 = f0f2_2+f1f1_2 +f3f9_76+f4f8_38+f5f7_76+f6f6_19; long h3 = f0f3_2+f1f2_2 +f4f9_38+f5f8_38+f6f7_38; long h4 = f0f4_2+f1f3_4 +f2f2 +f5f9_76+f6f8_38+f7f7_38; long h5 = f0f5_2+f1f4_2 +f2f3_2 +f6f9_38+f7f8_38; long h6 = f0f6_2+f1f5_4 +f2f4_2 +f3f3_2 +f7f9_76+f8f8_19; long h7 = f0f7_2+f1f6_2 +f2f5_2 +f3f4_2 +f8f9_38; long h8 = f0f8_2+f1f7_4 +f2f6_2 +f3f5_4 +f4f4 +f9f9_38; long h9 = f0f9_2+f1f8_2 +f2f7_2 +f3f6_2 +f4f5_2; long carry0; long carry1; long carry2; long carry3; long carry4; long carry5; long carry6; long carry7; long carry8; long carry9; h0 += h0; h1 += h1; h2 += h2; h3 += h3; h4 += h4; h5 += h5; h6 += h6; h7 += h7; h8 += h8; h9 += h9; carry0 = (h0 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h1 += carry0; h0 -= SHL64(carry0,26); carry4 = (h4 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h5 += carry4; h4 -= SHL64(carry4,26); carry1 = (h1 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h2 += carry1; h1 -= SHL64(carry1,25); carry5 = (h5 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h6 += carry5; h5 -= SHL64(carry5,25); carry2 = (h2 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h3 += carry2; h2 -= SHL64(carry2,26); carry6 = (h6 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h7 += carry6; h6 -= SHL64(carry6,26); carry3 = (h3 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h4 += carry3; h3 -= SHL64(carry3,25); carry7 = (h7 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h8 += carry7; h7 -= SHL64(carry7,25); carry4 = (h4 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h5 += carry4; h4 -= SHL64(carry4,26); carry8 = (h8 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h9 += carry8; h8 -= SHL64(carry8,26); carry9 = (h9 + cast(long) (1<<24)) >> 25; h0 += carry9 * 19; h9 -= SHL64(carry9,25); carry0 = (h0 + cast(long) (1<<25)) >> 26; h1 += carry0; h0 -= SHL64(carry0,26); fe h; h[0] = cast(int) h0; h[1] = cast(int) h1; h[2] = cast(int) h2; h[3] = cast(int) h3; h[4] = cast(int) h4; h[5] = cast(int) h5; h[6] = cast(int) h6; h[7] = cast(int) h7; h[8] = cast(int) h8; h[9] = cast(int) h9; return h; } ///** // Returns: h = f - g // Can overlap h with f or g. // // Preconditions: // |f| bounded by 1.1*2^25,1.1*2^24,1.1*2^25,1.1*2^24,etc. // |g| bounded by 1.1*2^25,1.1*2^24,1.1*2^25,1.1*2^24,etc. // // Postconditions: // |h| bounded by 1.1*2^26,1.1*2^25,1.1*2^26,1.1*2^25,etc. // */ //void fe_sub(ref fe h, in ref fe f, in ref fe g) //{ // h[] = f[] - g[]; //} /** * * Params: * s = 32 byte buffer * Preconditions: |h| bounded by 1.1*2^26,1.1*2^25,1.1*2^26,1.1*2^25,etc. Write p=2^255-19; q=floor(h/p). Basic claim: q = floor(2^(-255)(h + 19 2^(-25)h9 + 2^(-1))). Proof: Have |h|<=p so |q|<=1 so |19^2 2^(-255) q|<1/4. Also have |h-2^230 h9|<2^231 so |19 2^(-255)(h-2^230 h9)|<1/4. Write y=2^(-1)-19^2 2^(-255)q-19 2^(-255)(h-2^230 h9). Then 0> 25; q = (h0 + q) >> 26; q = (h1 + q) >> 25; q = (h2 + q) >> 26; q = (h3 + q) >> 25; q = (h4 + q) >> 26; q = (h5 + q) >> 25; q = (h6 + q) >> 26; q = (h7 + q) >> 25; q = (h8 + q) >> 26; q = (h9 + q) >> 25; /* Goal: Output h-(2^255-19)q, which is between 0 and 2^255-20. */ h0 += 19 * q; /* Goal: Output h-2^255 q, which is between 0 and 2^255-20. */ carry0 = h0 >> 26; h1 += carry0; h0 -= carry0 << 26; carry1 = h1 >> 25; h2 += carry1; h1 -= carry1 << 25; carry2 = h2 >> 26; h3 += carry2; h2 -= carry2 << 26; carry3 = h3 >> 25; h4 += carry3; h3 -= carry3 << 25; carry4 = h4 >> 26; h5 += carry4; h4 -= carry4 << 26; carry5 = h5 >> 25; h6 += carry5; h5 -= carry5 << 25; carry6 = h6 >> 26; h7 += carry6; h6 -= carry6 << 26; carry7 = h7 >> 25; h8 += carry7; h7 -= carry7 << 25; carry8 = h8 >> 26; h9 += carry8; h8 -= carry8 << 26; carry9 = h9 >> 25; h9 -= carry9 << 25; /* h10 = carry9 */ /* Goal: Output h0+...+2^255 h10-2^255 q, which is between 0 and 2^255-20. Have h0+...+2^230 h9 between 0 and 2^255-1; evidently 2^255 h10-2^255 q = 0. Goal: Output h0+...+2^230 h9. */ ubyte[32] s; s[0] = cast(ubyte) (h0 >> 0); s[1] = cast(ubyte) (h0 >> 8); s[2] = cast(ubyte) (h0 >> 16); s[3] = cast(ubyte) (((h0 >> 24) | (h1 << 2))); s[4] = cast(ubyte) (h1 >> 6); s[5] = cast(ubyte) (h1 >> 14); s[6] = cast(ubyte) (((h1 >> 22) | (h2 << 3))); s[7] = cast(ubyte) (h2 >> 5); s[8] = cast(ubyte) (h2 >> 13); s[9] = cast(ubyte) (((h2 >> 21) | (h3 << 5))); s[10] = cast(ubyte) (h3 >> 3); s[11] = cast(ubyte) (h3 >> 11); s[12] = cast(ubyte) (((h3 >> 19) | (h4 << 6))); s[13] = cast(ubyte) (h4 >> 2); s[14] = cast(ubyte) (h4 >> 10); s[15] = cast(ubyte) (h4 >> 18); s[16] = cast(ubyte) (h5 >> 0); s[17] = cast(ubyte) (h5 >> 8); s[18] = cast(ubyte) (h5 >> 16); s[19] = cast(ubyte) (((h5 >> 24) | (h6 << 1))); s[20] = cast(ubyte) (h6 >> 7); s[21] = cast(ubyte) (h6 >> 15); s[22] = cast(ubyte) (((h6 >> 23) | (h7 << 3))); s[23] = cast(ubyte) (h7 >> 5); s[24] = cast(ubyte) (h7 >> 13); s[25] = cast(ubyte) (((h7 >> 21) | (h8 << 4))); s[26] = cast(ubyte) (h8 >> 4); s[27] = cast(ubyte) (h8 >> 12); s[28] = cast(ubyte) (((h8 >> 20) | (h9 << 6))); s[29] = cast(ubyte) (h9 >> 2); s[30] = cast(ubyte) (h9 >> 10); s[31] = cast(ubyte) (h9 >> 18); return s; } /// Conditional swap. /// Replace (f,g) with (g,f) if b == 1; /// replace (f,g) with (f,g) if b == 0. /// Params: /// b = 0 or 1 void fe_cswap(ref fe f, ref fe g, in uint b) in { assert(b == 0 || b == 1); } body { // TODO refactor immutable uint mask = -b; assert(mask == 0 || mask == 0xFFFFFFFF); f[] ^= mask & g[]; g[] ^= mask & f[]; f[] ^= mask & g[]; } unittest { fe a; fe b; a[] = 1; b[] = 2; fe A = 1; fe B = 2; fe_cswap(A, B, 0); assert(A == a); assert(B == b); fe_cswap(A, B, 1); assert(A == b); assert(B == a); }